Tonal variations in Anong.

This study presents an acoustic analysis of Anong tones. It has three aims: (1) to present some detailed documentation of instrumental-acoustic data on citation tones, (2) to compare the acoustic features of the citation tones with the same tones used in disyllabic utterances, and (3) to analyze tones in disyllabic utterances. Anong citation tones are characterized by three features. First, the tonal space is small. Second, onset consonant type correlates with the pitch height of the following vowel. Third, non-modal phonation is not an acoustic cue to any of the five tones. Neither is it a contrastive property of vowels. In disyllabic utterances, the F0 shapes and heights on the first-syllable tones can be readily related to the F0 shapes and heights in the citation forms. The F0 value of the second-syllable tones depends on the offset value of the tone in the first syllable. However, disyllabic forms with the prefix /a31/ follow a different pattern, one in which the first-syllable tone is raised. This pattern correlates with vowel laryngealization and vowel duration.