Optimal scheduling of deep-sea aquaculture energy platforms considering wave constraints and resource prepositioning

Deep-sea aquaculture platforms integrated with offshore renewable energy systems operate under highly dynamic and harsh marine conditions, where wave-induced operational constraints and energy disruptions caused by extreme weather pose major challenges. To address prolonged energy interruptions and constrained operational windows during typhoon events, a rolling optimization framework incorporating wave-state constraints and resource prepositioning is proposed. A sea-state-dependent operational window model is formulated to quantify the impact of wave height on primary loads including feeding, lifting, and net-cleaning tasks, embedding these limits as hard scheduling constraints. An environmental correction model is further developed to quantify the output derating of wind turbines, photovoltaic arrays, and diesel generators under high-humidity and salt-spray exposure. Based on these models, a rolling scheduling strategy adapting to typhoon evolution is designed. During the pre-disaster window, proactive resource prepositioning shifts deferrable loads and increases storage state-of-charge, enabling a transition from economic optimization to resilience-oriented operation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method avoids task violations induced by harsh sea states. Under extreme typhoon conditions, compared with conventional scheduling without sea-state constraints and resource prepositioning, our method cuts total operating cost by 10.1% and essential monitoring load shedding by 78.3%. This strategy improves the safe and stable operation of deep-sea aquaculture platforms, and supports the industry’s sustainable development.