Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a condition that affects young and middle-aged individuals. Women are more frequently affected than men. It is associated with severe positional headache without previous dural puncture and is often confused with other common headache conditions. Delay in diagnosis of the condition may predispose patients to severe complications. Many radiodiagnostic tools carry important risks to patients, including nerve injury and iatrogenic spinal cord injury. Imaging studies must be correlated with a detailed medical history and a thorough physical examination. Epidural blood patch, the mainstay of treatment, may require multiple attempts with increasing amounts of autologous blood. Increased awareness of spontaneous intracranial hypotension will likely contribute to its proper diagnosis and treatment.