Sagittal Plane Pelvic Asymmetry in Patients with Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Background: Pelvic asymmetry in the sagittal plane is frequently associated with sacroiliac joint dysfunction and is one of the leading causes of mechanical low back pain. The abnormal position or movement of the innominate bone contributes to such dysfunctions. Symptoms of sacroiliac joint dysfunction are lower back pain, hip pain, buttock pain, groin pain, frequent urination and transient numbness and tingling. Sacroiliac joint problem causes referred pain to the area just below the posterior superior iliac spine. Objective: To determine the frequency of pelvic asymmetry in the sagittal plane among adults diagnosed with sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Methodology: A quantitative non-experimental descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The duration of study was six months, conducted at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital using non-probability convenience sampling was used for sampling. Both males and females, aged from 18 to 60 years, patients with disc herniation at the level of L4-L5 and L5-S1, stepping down from a high vehicle and multiparous women were included in the study.  However, patients with infection and sepsis involving the sacroiliac joint, ankylosing spondylitis, hemiplegia, spinal cord, rotational injury during the golf swing, hip pathologies involving the SI, and grade III osteoarthritis were excluded. The instrument used for assessing positional faults of sacroiliac joint dysfunction was motion palpation tests like the standing hip flexion test (March test), with and forward bending test. Data was analysed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 21.0. Permission from the Ethics Committee was obtained. The questionnaire tool was accompanied by an information sheet that explained the nature and purpose of the study, also informing that informed consent was obtained from all subjects before participating in this study. The respondents were assured that their data would be kept confidential. Results: Results showed that the gender included both male and female, with 41 females and 24 males. Out of 65 participants, 46.2% showed a positive March test, 66.2% a positive standing flexion test, and 60% a positive initiation squat motion test. Conclusion:  The study found a high frequency of pelvic asymmetry in the sagittal plane among individuals with sacroiliac joint dysfunction.