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REVERSE ENGINEERING IN MODELING OF AIRCRAFT PROPELLER BLADE - FIRST STEP TO PRODUCT OPTIMIZATION

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ABSTRACT: Propeller aircrafts have had many ups and downs throughout their use in the aviation history. Due to the current economic recession and price hikes in fuels, propeller aircrafts may yet again be a choice for aerial transport and has thus re-emerged as an active area for research. On modern propeller aircrafts old aluminum propellers are being replaced with fiber reinforced composite propellers. However, owing to their reliability, strength, and integrity, aluminum propellers are still used in military aircrafts. One of the challenges that engineers of these aircraft-type have had to deal with is the non-availability of engineering drawings of these propellers. It is practically impossible to carry out any study, research or modification on such propellers in the absence of correct CAD data. This article proposes a methodology wherein a CAD model of a C-130 aircraft propeller blade can be constructed using reverse engineering techniques. Such a model would help in future aerodynamic as well as structural analyses which includes investigation on structural integrity and the fluid dynamics characteristics of propeller blades. Different steps involved in this process are discussed; starting from laser scanning to obtain the cloud of points data and subsequently generating a CAD model in a commercial CAD software. The model is then imported into an analysis software where quality surface meshes are generated using tetrahedral elements. The purpose is to prepare a meshed model for future computational analysis including CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and FE (Finite Element) analysis. ABSTRAK: Pesawat bebaling mempunyai tempoh pasang surutnya sepanjang penggunaanya dalam sejarah penerbangan. Kini disebabkan oleh kemelesetan ekonomi dan kenaikan harga minyak, pesawat bebaling mungkin akan merupakan pengangkutan udara pilihan dan seterusnya muncul semula sebagai ruangan aktif penyelidikan. Pada pesawat bebaling moden, bebaling aluminium yang lama digantikan dengan bebaling komposit yang diperkuatkan gentian. Namun, disebabkan oleh keupayaan, kekuatan dan integritinya, bebaling aluminium masih diguna pakai bagi pesawat tentera. Salah satu cabaran jurutera bagi pesawat jenis ini, adalah apabila berhadapan dengan tidak adanya lukisan kejuruteraan bagi bebaling ini. Agak mustahil untuk menjalankan sebarang ujian, kajian atau modifkasi terhadap bebaling jenis ini kerana tidak adanya data yang tepat daripada Reka Bentuk Berbantukan Komputer (CAD). Artikel ini mencadangkan metodologi di mana model Reka Bentuk Berbantukan Komputer (CAD) bagi kipas bebaling pesawat C-130 boleh dibina menggunakan teknik kejuruteraan balikan. Model sebegini akan bakal dapat membantu bidang aerodinamik di masa hadapan. Begitu juga dengan analisis struktur yang melibatkan penyelidikan terhadap integriti struktur dan ciri-ciri dinamik bendalir kipas bebaling.  Beberapa proses berbeza diperbincangkan; bermula dengan imbasan laser untuk memperolehi poin kumpulan data dan seterusnya menjanakan model Reka Bentuk Berbantukan Komputer (CAD) dengan menggunakan pengaturcara komersil. Model kemudiannya diimport ke dalam pengaturcara analisis di mana jejaring permukaan dijanakan dengan menggunakan unsur tetrahedron. Ini bertujuan bagi menyediakan model jejaring untuk analisis berkomputer di masa hadapan, termasuklah analisis CFD (Gambar Rajah Aliran Kawalan) dan FE (Unsur Terhingga).KEYWORDS: reverse engineering; cloud data; laser scanning; CAD modeling; propeller blade
Title: REVERSE ENGINEERING IN MODELING OF AIRCRAFT PROPELLER BLADE - FIRST STEP TO PRODUCT OPTIMIZATION
Description:
ABSTRACT: Propeller aircrafts have had many ups and downs throughout their use in the aviation history.
Due to the current economic recession and price hikes in fuels, propeller aircrafts may yet again be a choice for aerial transport and has thus re-emerged as an active area for research.
On modern propeller aircrafts old aluminum propellers are being replaced with fiber reinforced composite propellers.
However, owing to their reliability, strength, and integrity, aluminum propellers are still used in military aircrafts.
One of the challenges that engineers of these aircraft-type have had to deal with is the non-availability of engineering drawings of these propellers.
It is practically impossible to carry out any study, research or modification on such propellers in the absence of correct CAD data.
This article proposes a methodology wherein a CAD model of a C-130 aircraft propeller blade can be constructed using reverse engineering techniques.
Such a model would help in future aerodynamic as well as structural analyses which includes investigation on structural integrity and the fluid dynamics characteristics of propeller blades.
Different steps involved in this process are discussed; starting from laser scanning to obtain the cloud of points data and subsequently generating a CAD model in a commercial CAD software.
The model is then imported into an analysis software where quality surface meshes are generated using tetrahedral elements.
The purpose is to prepare a meshed model for future computational analysis including CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) and FE (Finite Element) analysis.
ABSTRAK: Pesawat bebaling mempunyai tempoh pasang surutnya sepanjang penggunaanya dalam sejarah penerbangan.
Kini disebabkan oleh kemelesetan ekonomi dan kenaikan harga minyak, pesawat bebaling mungkin akan merupakan pengangkutan udara pilihan dan seterusnya muncul semula sebagai ruangan aktif penyelidikan.
Pada pesawat bebaling moden, bebaling aluminium yang lama digantikan dengan bebaling komposit yang diperkuatkan gentian.
Namun, disebabkan oleh keupayaan, kekuatan dan integritinya, bebaling aluminium masih diguna pakai bagi pesawat tentera.
Salah satu cabaran jurutera bagi pesawat jenis ini, adalah apabila berhadapan dengan tidak adanya lukisan kejuruteraan bagi bebaling ini.
Agak mustahil untuk menjalankan sebarang ujian, kajian atau modifkasi terhadap bebaling jenis ini kerana tidak adanya data yang tepat daripada Reka Bentuk Berbantukan Komputer (CAD).
Artikel ini mencadangkan metodologi di mana model Reka Bentuk Berbantukan Komputer (CAD) bagi kipas bebaling pesawat C-130 boleh dibina menggunakan teknik kejuruteraan balikan.
Model sebegini akan bakal dapat membantu bidang aerodinamik di masa hadapan.
Begitu juga dengan analisis struktur yang melibatkan penyelidikan terhadap integriti struktur dan ciri-ciri dinamik bendalir kipas bebaling.
  Beberapa proses berbeza diperbincangkan; bermula dengan imbasan laser untuk memperolehi poin kumpulan data dan seterusnya menjanakan model Reka Bentuk Berbantukan Komputer (CAD) dengan menggunakan pengaturcara komersil.
Model kemudiannya diimport ke dalam pengaturcara analisis di mana jejaring permukaan dijanakan dengan menggunakan unsur tetrahedron.
Ini bertujuan bagi menyediakan model jejaring untuk analisis berkomputer di masa hadapan, termasuklah analisis CFD (Gambar Rajah Aliran Kawalan) dan FE (Unsur Terhingga).
KEYWORDS: reverse engineering; cloud data; laser scanning; CAD modeling; propeller blade.

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