Study on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Pension Service Institutions in Shijiazhuang City of China

As the capital city of Hebei Province in China, Shijiazhuang faces the problem in the aging of the population that has never been occurred before. In order to optimize the allocation of pension service resources in Shijiazhuang city, it is very important to explore the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the pension service institutions. In this paper, based on data of Shijiazhuang pension service institutions and Shijiazhuang Statistical Yearbook, ArcGIS and SPSS software was used to analyze the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the pension service institutions in Shijiazhuang. The results showed that: ① The number of pension service institutions in northwest of Shijiazhuang was fewer than that in southeast, but the direction was not obvious. ② The pension service institutions in Shijiazhuang formed a multi-center cluster distribution pattern in the whole city, and the cluster centers were mostly located in urban areas. The high-value agglomerations areas were located in Changan, Zhengding and Gaocheng of Shijiazhuang under the condition of the significance level α = 0.05. ③ The accessibility of pension service institutions in Shijiazhuang was relatively high in general. Most of pension institutions were located within the 15-minute isochronous circle, and the pension service institutions accessibility presented a spatial pattern of gradually decreasing from the middle to the surrounding areas. ④ Correlation analysis indicated that the number of resident population, elderly population, GDP, public financial expenditure and accessibility were the main factors affecting the distribution characteristics of pension service institutions in Shijiazhuang under the condition of the significance level α = 0.05. It showed that the number of regional pension institutions had great dependence on population and economic development level. Realizing the spatial equilibrium allocation of pension service institutions was difficult by simply using market mechanism. The government can timely issue preferential policies and vigorously promote the construction of pension service institutions to meet the huge future demand for elderly care in economic backward areas.