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300 DE ANI DE LA NAȘTEREA BARONULUI SAMUEL VON BRUKENTHAL (26 IULIE 1721 - 9 APRILIE 1803)
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Three Centuries Since Baron Samuel von Brukenthal was Born (26th of July 1721 - 9th of April 1803). Baron Samuel von Brukenthal was an outstanding personality, a man of great erudition and refined taste, whose political career culminated with the dignity of Governor of Transylvania, a dignity he held between 1777 and 1787. Brukenthal was the only Transylvanian Saxon who enjoyed this great honor. Living for many years abroad, he got acquainted with Viennese cultural patterns he tried to implement in his own country. As a Transylvanian representative of the Enlightenment, Brukenthal became famous through his major creation, the first museum in the South Eastern part of Europe opened in 1790 to connoisseurs and foreign travelers and in 1817 to the large public. His fine art collection comprised about 1100 paintings belonging to the major European art schools. Besides paintings he also had a rich collection of etchings in copper, a library consisting of about 16000 volumes, rare archeological objects, as well as a numismatic collection and one of minerals. But his sphere of interest was much wider, including a large scale of sciences, the educational system, the musical life of Sibiu, the art of gardening.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG. Dreihundert Jahre seit der Geburt des Barons Samuel von Brukenthal (26. Juli 1721 - 9. April 1803). Baron Samuel von Brukenthal war eine der bedeutendsten Persönlichkeiten der Siebenbürger Sachsen, ein sehr gebildeter Mann, Politiker, Sammler und Kulturförderer. Als Höhepunkt seiner politischen Karriere ist das Amt des Gouverneurs von Siebenbürgen zu nennen, das er als zwischen 1777 und 1787 bekleidete. Während seiner Studienjahre in Jena und Halle sowie während seiner Amtszeit in Wien eignete er sich das Gedankengut der Aufklärung an, das er in seiner Heimat umzusetzen versuchte. Der Nachwelt ist er vor allem als Sammler und Gründer des ältesten Museums Südosteuropas bekannt, einer Anstalt, die seit 1790 von Kennern und Reisenden besucht werden konnte und 1817 dem breiten Publikum zugänglich war. Seine Gemäldesammlung beinhaltete ungefähr 1100 Gemälde, die allen wichtigen europäischen Malschulen angehörten. Dazu kam ein Kupferstichkabinett, eine wertvolle Bibliothek mit 16000 Bänden, eine numismatische, archäologische sowie eine Mineraliensammlung. Darüber hinaus interessierte sich Brukenthal für verschiedene Wissenschaften, für Landwirtschaft und Gartenkunst und förderte das Schulwesen und das Musikleben von Hermannstadt.
Schlagwörter: Brukenthal, Baron, Politiker, Gouverneur von Siebenbürgen, Aufklärung, Museum, Gemälde, europäische Malschulen, Kupferstiche, Bibliothek, archäologisches Fundmaterial, Münzen, Mineralien
REZUMAT. 300 de ani de la nașterea baronului Samuel von Brukenthal (26 iulie 1721 - 9 aprilie 1803) Reprezentant de prim rang al Iluminismului transilvănean, baronul Samuel von Brukenthal a fost una dintre marile personalități ale sașilor transilvăneni. Format la universitățile din Jena și Halle, von Brukenthal a avut o carieră politică impresionantă, fiind singurul sas luteran care a ocupat, la Viena, demnitatea de președinte al Cancelariei aulice, iar apoi fiind numit guvernator al Transilvaniei (1777-1787). Numele său este, însă, mai degrabă asociat de creația sa culturală, cea mai importantă fiind înființarea, la Sibiu, a primului muzeu din sud-estul Europei, instituție accesibilă din 1790 unui cerc restrâns de vizitatori, iar din 1817 deschis pentru publicul larg. Colecțiile baronului au inclus pinacoteca cu aprox. 1100 de tablouri aparținând marilor școli de pictură europeană, un cabinet de stampe, o bibliotecă valoroasă, ce conținea aprox. 16000 de volume, o colecție numismatică, una de obiecte arheo¬logice și o colecție de minerale. Brukenthal a sprijinit viața științifică, învățământul și viața muzicală sibiană, iar pe moșiile sale a practicat o agricultură modernă după model central european.
Cuvinte cheie: Brukenthal, baron, politician, guvernator al Transilvaniei, Iluminism, muzeu, pictură, gravuri, bibliotecă, obiecte arheologice, monede, minerale.
Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca
Title: 300 DE ANI DE LA NAȘTEREA BARONULUI SAMUEL VON BRUKENTHAL (26 IULIE 1721 - 9 APRILIE 1803)
Description:
Three Centuries Since Baron Samuel von Brukenthal was Born (26th of July 1721 - 9th of April 1803).
Baron Samuel von Brukenthal was an outstanding personality, a man of great erudition and refined taste, whose political career culminated with the dignity of Governor of Transylvania, a dignity he held between 1777 and 1787.
Brukenthal was the only Transylvanian Saxon who enjoyed this great honor.
Living for many years abroad, he got acquainted with Viennese cultural patterns he tried to implement in his own country.
As a Transylvanian representative of the Enlightenment, Brukenthal became famous through his major creation, the first museum in the South Eastern part of Europe opened in 1790 to connoisseurs and foreign travelers and in 1817 to the large public.
His fine art collection comprised about 1100 paintings belonging to the major European art schools.
Besides paintings he also had a rich collection of etchings in copper, a library consisting of about 16000 volumes, rare archeological objects, as well as a numismatic collection and one of minerals.
But his sphere of interest was much wider, including a large scale of sciences, the educational system, the musical life of Sibiu, the art of gardening.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG.
Dreihundert Jahre seit der Geburt des Barons Samuel von Brukenthal (26.
Juli 1721 - 9.
April 1803).
Baron Samuel von Brukenthal war eine der bedeutendsten Persönlichkeiten der Siebenbürger Sachsen, ein sehr gebildeter Mann, Politiker, Sammler und Kulturförderer.
Als Höhepunkt seiner politischen Karriere ist das Amt des Gouverneurs von Siebenbürgen zu nennen, das er als zwischen 1777 und 1787 bekleidete.
Während seiner Studienjahre in Jena und Halle sowie während seiner Amtszeit in Wien eignete er sich das Gedankengut der Aufklärung an, das er in seiner Heimat umzusetzen versuchte.
Der Nachwelt ist er vor allem als Sammler und Gründer des ältesten Museums Südosteuropas bekannt, einer Anstalt, die seit 1790 von Kennern und Reisenden besucht werden konnte und 1817 dem breiten Publikum zugänglich war.
Seine Gemäldesammlung beinhaltete ungefähr 1100 Gemälde, die allen wichtigen europäischen Malschulen angehörten.
Dazu kam ein Kupferstichkabinett, eine wertvolle Bibliothek mit 16000 Bänden, eine numismatische, archäologische sowie eine Mineraliensammlung.
Darüber hinaus interessierte sich Brukenthal für verschiedene Wissenschaften, für Landwirtschaft und Gartenkunst und förderte das Schulwesen und das Musikleben von Hermannstadt.
Schlagwörter: Brukenthal, Baron, Politiker, Gouverneur von Siebenbürgen, Aufklärung, Museum, Gemälde, europäische Malschulen, Kupferstiche, Bibliothek, archäologisches Fundmaterial, Münzen, Mineralien
REZUMAT.
300 de ani de la nașterea baronului Samuel von Brukenthal (26 iulie 1721 - 9 aprilie 1803) Reprezentant de prim rang al Iluminismului transilvănean, baronul Samuel von Brukenthal a fost una dintre marile personalități ale sașilor transilvăneni.
Format la universitățile din Jena și Halle, von Brukenthal a avut o carieră politică impresionantă, fiind singurul sas luteran care a ocupat, la Viena, demnitatea de președinte al Cancelariei aulice, iar apoi fiind numit guvernator al Transilvaniei (1777-1787).
Numele său este, însă, mai degrabă asociat de creația sa culturală, cea mai importantă fiind înființarea, la Sibiu, a primului muzeu din sud-estul Europei, instituție accesibilă din 1790 unui cerc restrâns de vizitatori, iar din 1817 deschis pentru publicul larg.
Colecțiile baronului au inclus pinacoteca cu aprox.
1100 de tablouri aparținând marilor școli de pictură europeană, un cabinet de stampe, o bibliotecă valoroasă, ce conținea aprox.
16000 de volume, o colecție numismatică, una de obiecte arheo¬logice și o colecție de minerale.
Brukenthal a sprijinit viața științifică, învățământul și viața muzicală sibiană, iar pe moșiile sale a practicat o agricultură modernă după model central european.
Cuvinte cheie: Brukenthal, baron, politician, guvernator al Transilvaniei, Iluminism, muzeu, pictură, gravuri, bibliotecă, obiecte arheologice, monede, minerale.
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