Investigating the Antibacterial Potency of Scorpion (Scorpiops yagmuri) Crude Venom in Tehsil Babozai, Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Background: Scorpion venom, a complex mixture of proteins, peptides, and other substances, is widely recognized. Scorpion venom is a complex mixture of proteins, enzymes, bioactive peptides, and numerous small molecules, such as nucleotides, inorganic ions, and neurotransmitters. A diverse range of species produce these bioactive chemicals, and some of these organic molecules have been demonstrated to have antibacterial properties. Objective:  To examine the antibacterial properties of scorpion venom against selected bacteria.  Methods: This laboratory-based experimental study used various techniques, such as UV light, rubber bands, and flushing water into their nests, to collect scorpions. Electrical stimulation of the telson was used to collect venom. The disk diffusion method was used to assess the antibacterial activity of crude scorpion (Scorpiops yagmuri) venom against a variety of bacteria, including Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, and Morganella morganii. Results: The findings showed that scorpion (Scorpiops yagmuri) crude venom demonstrated antibacterial activity against various bacteria, with zone of inhibition diameters as follows, after applying 25 µL of venom to each bacterial culture: Proteus vulgaris (1.6 cm), Proteus mirabilis (5.6 cm), Providencia stuartii (5.5 cm), and Morganella morganii (5.4 cm). Conclusion: The findings suggest that, to varying degrees, crude venom from the scorpion (Scorpiops yagmuri) may exhibit antibacterial activity against the studied bacteria.