BRICS Collaboration Trends: Dimensions Metadata Study (2020–2025)

The research aims to examine the evolution and key trends of collaboration within the BRICS and BRICS+ blocs during 2020–2025, emphasizing geopolitical, economic, social environmental, and security dimensions. This research is significant for understanding the role of social architecture in BRICS (BRICS+) cooperation in order to facilitate trust, knowledge sharing, and coordinated decision-making, providing a foundation for sustainable and resilient collaboration, inspiring future researches. The study examines how BRICS expansion, internal dynamics of the BRICS Big Three (China, India, Russia), and post-2022 geopolitical shifts influence cooperation patterns and global governance. Methodologically, it employs a structured bibliometric approach guided by the PRISMA framework. Using the Dimensions database, 500 publications from 2020-2025 were identified, with 495 relevant documents retained after screening. Analysis in RStudio using the bibliometrix package enabled citation analysis, keyword co-occurrence mapping, and visualization of collaboration networks across authors, institutions, and countries. Findings reveal strengthening economic and financial cooperation, growing focus on sustainable development and green technologies, expansion of digital trade, de-dollarization initiatives, and cross-border payment platforms. Security cooperation remains flexible, emphasizing cybersecurity, anti-piracy operations, and the BRICS STI initiative. China, India, and Russia are the primary drivers of BRICS-related scientific output. Development of social architecture underpins these trends, enhancing coordination, trust, and resilience. The study concludes BRICS cooperation is increasingly interdisciplinary and strategic. Social architecture, alongside technological innovation, environmental governance, and institutional reforms, forms the foundation of future development. Coordinated action may enable BRICS+ countries to become global leaders in sustainability, South-South innovation exchange, and economic multipolarity.