Oculomotor functional connectivity associated with motor sequence learning

Abstract Acquisition of learned motor sequences involves saccades directed toward the goal to gather visual information prior to reaching. While goal-directed actions involve both eye and hand movements, the role of brain areas controlling saccades during motor sequence learning is still unclear. This study aimed to determine whether resting-state functional connectivity of oculomotor regions is associated with behavioral changes resulting from motor sequence learning. We investigated connectivity between oculomotor control regions and candidate regions involved in oculomotor control and motor sequence learning. Twenty adults had brain scans before 3 days of motor task practice and after a 24-hour retention test, which was used to assess sequence-specific learning. During testing, both saccades and reaches were tracked. Stronger connectivity in multiple oculomotor regions prior to motor task practice correlated with greater sequence-specific learning for both saccades and reaches. A more negative connectivity change involving oculomotor regions from pre- to post-training correlated with greater sequence-specific learning for both saccades and reaches. Overall, oculomotor functional connectivity was associated with the magnitude of behavioral change resulting from motor sequence learning, providing insight into the function of the oculomotor system during motor sequence learning.