Manufacture and Testing of Abrasion-Resistant Rubber for Conveyor Belt with Variation of Carbon Black Particle Size and PHR (Per Hundred Rubber) Ratio of Rubber

Conveyor belt is a tool for transporting objects continuously with a surface of rubber as a moving tool. Abrasion resistant properties should be obtained due to the rubber so that the conveyor belt is more durable and reduces damage caused by abrasion of the material being transported. The purpose of this research is to make abrasion resistant rubber on conveyor belt with variation of carbon black particle size and PHR ratio of Ribbed Smoke Sheet (RSS) rubber, Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), and Butadiene Rubber (BR). This research procedure consists of three steps such as making rubber compound, vulcanizing rubber compound, and testing the physical properties of vulcanized rubber. The independent variables of this research are carbon black particle size of 25 nm, 30 nm, 48 nm, 60 nm, 250 nm and the PHR ratio of RSS:SBR:BR rubber which is 25:50:25, 25:25:50, 80:10:10, 10:80:10, 10:10:80. The dependent variables of this research are hardness, tensile at break, elongation at break, and abrasion. The results shows that the best carbon black particle size is 30 nm with a hardness of 61o Shore A, tensile at break of 210 kgf/cm2, elongation at break of 540%, and the amount of rubber abraded 92 mm3. Meanwhile, the best of rubber PHR ratio is 10:10:80 with a hardness of 63o Shore A, tensile at break of 227 kgf/cm2, elongation at break of 505%, and the amount of rubber abraded 80 mm3. Keywords: abrasion resistant rubber, carbon black, rubber PHR ratio, vulcanization.