Determinants of Acceptance of High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facilities : A Comparative Study of General Acceptance and Local Acceptance

This study examines the determinants of public acceptance of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal facilities by distinguishing between general acceptance and local acceptance. Using national survey data (N=1,072), the analysis incorporates the risk perception paradigm, scientific and technological optimism, ecological environmental awareness, and trust in government as explanatory factors. Results show that perceived risk decreases both types of acceptance, with stronger negative effects on local acceptance. Perceived benefits and knowledge increase acceptance at both levels, while trust in government influences only general acceptance. Negative experiences, unexpectedly, raise local acceptance by highlighting the necessity of safe waste management. Scientific optimism positively affects local but not general acceptance, and ecological awareness shows no significant impact. These findings indicate that acceptance of HLW facilities is shaped by distinct structural factors depending on context. The study highlights limitations of existing policy acceptance theories and emphasizes the need for participatory approaches that enhance trust and resident involvement in siting decisions.