An optimized segmentation and quantification approach in microvascular imaging for OCTA-based neovascular regression monitoring

Abstract Background:Quantification of neovascularization changes in terms of neovascular complex (NVC) acquired from the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging is extremely important for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). However, only few vessel extraction methods have so far been reported to quantify neovascular changes in NVC with proliferative diabetic retinopathy PDR based on OCTA images.Results:The proposed method has demonstrated better performance in accuracy compared with existing algorithms and can thus be used for PRD treatment monitoring. Following the PDR treatment monitoring study, our data has shown that from the 1st day to 7th day of treatment, the averaged total length of neovascularization in NVC has been substantially shortened by 36.8% (P<0.01), indicating significant effects of applied treatment. In addition, the average width of neovascularization in NVC from the 1st day to 7th day of treatment has been increased by 10.2% (P<0.05), indicating most of the narrow neovascularization has been reduced.Conclusion:The results and analysis have confirmed that the proposed optimization process by improved vascular connectivity analysis (VCA) method is both effective and feasible to segment and quantify the neovascularization in NVC with lower noise and fewer artifacts. Thus, it can be potentially applied to monitor the fibrovascular regression during the treatment period.Clinical Trial Registration: This trial is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registered 27 December 2017, http://www.chictr.org.cn, registration number ChiCTR-IPR-17014160).