IBRE-LEACH: Improving The Performance of The BRE-LEACH For Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are extensively used in diferent areas and especially in severe and harsh environments such as battlegrounds, volcanic areas, healthcare, and so on. The major constraint in WSNs is the limited power supply, which impacts the lifeycle of the entire network. Clustering is a performing method used in WSN to optimize power consumption and extend the lifetime of WSNs. LEACH is considered as the first classical clustering protocol used in WSN to optimize energy consumption. Many protocols had been developed to enhance the conventional LEACH protocol. BRE-LEACH (Balanced Residual Energy LEACH) is one of them. It serves to enhance the performance of the LEACH protocol. In this paper, we suggest a new improved BRE-LEACH protocol called IBRE-LEACH (Improved Balanced Residual Energy LEACH), which ameliorates the performance of the BRE-LEACH approach. The IBRE-LEACH combines clustering and multi-hop techniques. It elects CHs according to the residual energy, limits the maximum number of nodes in each cluster to balance energy consumption. Thus, IBRE-LEACH gives the Abandoned Nodes (ANs) the chance to send their data to the BS. Furthermore, it routes the gathered data using the CHs, ANs, and a root node, which is a node with maximum residual energy and minimum distance to the BS. The simulation results in MATLAB exhibit that the IBRE-LEACH increases the throughput, optimizes energy consumption, extends the network lifetime, and ameliorates the stability up to 81.99%, 94.33%, and up to 91.47% compared with BRE-LEACH, LEACH-C, and LEACH, respectively.