Safety assessment of oral administration of aqueous root extract of Ziziphus mauritiana (magarya)

Toxicity assessment of herbal medicines is crucial to offer a safety for their subsequent usage. The aqueous root extract of Ziziphus mauritiana (magarya) phytochemical composition, acute toxicological effects, and metabolic parameters in Wistar rats, using conventional procedures. The extract was supplied via orogastric intubation. To analyse the acute toxicity and establish the LD50, Lorke's technique was applied. In the first phase, the rats were split into three groups of three rats each, and they were administered 10, 100, and 1000 mg/kg of the extract of Ziziphus mauritiana. In the second phase, they were administered 1600, 2900, and 5000 mg/kg correspondingly, and they were observed for 24 hours. Standard tests were used to assess the functional parameters of the kidneys and livers, and histological evaluation was undertaken. Saponin, glycosides, tannin, flavonoids, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, phlobatannins and terpenoids were the phytochemical makeup that were detected in the plant extract the value of LD50 is found to be more than 5000 mg/kg, consequently, the extract is safe. At 1000 mg/kg, the liver function test demonstrated a reduction in serum AST activity. The kidney function parameters did not significantly differ between the experimental and control groups. There was no substantial change in body weight. The histological assessment of the liver and kidneys demonstrated normal histoarchitecture. This research demonstrates that the acute toxicity of this extract had no negative impact on the system.