Evaluation of Gonadotropin and Testosterone Hormones in Men with Azoospermia and Oligozoospermia

Endocrinopathies are common in azoospermic and oligozoospermic males. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and testosterone play a crucial role in the regulation of germ cell development. Endocrinopathies of these hormones cause abnormal spermatogenesis in infertile males. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of serum FSH, LH and testosterone hormones in azoospermic and oligozoospermic males. Serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were estimated in 36 infertile males of which 08 were azoospermic and 28 were oligozoospermic, besides 36 age-matched fertile males were taken as a control group for this study. Serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels were estimated by Immulite 1000 using the standard kits. The student’s t-test method was used for statistical analysis and the results are represented in the form of tables. The results showed a statistically significant (p<0.0001) increase in the mean serum FSH and LH levels in infertile males as compared to controls. We found the maximum infertile males between the age group of 31-40 years (19; 52.78%). The Serum FSH, LH, and Testosterone levels among infertile males were 12.45±4.21, 9.57±3.62 and 10.99±4.93 respectively. Whereas, levels of FSH, LH, and testosterone in the control group were observed as 6.74±3.64, 5.81±2.32, and 8.93±4.43, respectively. In this study, we found a significant increase in FSH and LH levels in infertile males as compared to controls, but the differences in the mean testosterone level between infertile males and controls were insignificant. Endocrinopathy is not an uncommon cause of male infertility. FSH, LH and testosterone evaluation are a potential predictor for the diagnosis of infertility in males. These observations could contribute to the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects dealt with by the reproductive endocrinologist and fertility specialists who are dealing with infertility cases in men.