Ankara İstiklâl Mahkemesi (1920-1922) (5Ekim 1920- 31 Temmuz 1922)

"Armistice of Mondros was signed in October 30, 1918. Based on the terms of the armistice, the Entente states began to occupy Anatolia. The people of Anatolia, who showed resistance against the occupations, established societies in reaction to these occupations and argued that these occupations were unjust. Successes were achieved in this period when the Kuvâ-ı Millîye troops were effective. Then the regular army was established. While these incidents were taking place in and around Ankara, on April 23, 1920, Parliament was inaugurated. One of the most important problems that the parliament addressed after its opening was deserters. To prevent the increasing number of desertions during the years of the National Struggle, İstiklâl Courts were established. In the following period, the duties and powers of the courts were increased. The İstiklâl Courts dealt with cases such as deserters, subversion and espionage. One of these courts was the Ankara İstiklâl Court. Inaugurated on October 5, 1920, the Court remained in office for two years. During its tenure, the court heard cases such as Mustafa Sagir's espionage case, Ali İhsan Sabis Pasha's case, the trial in absentia of Damat Ferit and his associates, Circassian Ethem, and the Green Army Society. This study is based on the first period of the Ankara İstiklâl Court. Parliament Minutes of the proceedings, the catalog of the Independence Court, the press, and the Independence Court of the period The first period of the Ankara Independence Court is described through the testimonies of its members. Minutes of the Parliament, the catalog of the İstiklâl Court, the press, and the testimonies of the members of the İstiklâl Court of the period, the first period of the Ankara İstiklâl Court is described on its axis."