Modern approaches to physical rehabilitation of adolescents aged 13-15 with postural disorders

This article provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary, evidence- based methods for correcting postural disorders during adolescence - a period recognized as especially conducive to physical development and habit formation. It highlights that adolescence is the ideal time to influence musculoskeletal alignment, develop core strength, and instill proper motor habits, making it crucial to incorporate regular physical activity into adolescents' routines. The authors emphasize that posture correction should not be uniform but should be tailored to the specific type of postural deviation. For instance, rounded or concave spinal curvatures require distinct corrective strategies, including strengthening weak muscle groups and stretching shortened structures. A key factor in achieving effective postural correction is the proper control of the pelvis, scapulae, and spinal curvatures in both cervical and lumbar regions. Cited research underscores the importance of considering the biomechanical characteristics of each individual’s posture, including tilt angles of the pelvis, head positioning, and the balance between antagonistic muscle groups. Effective intervention involves both awareness training and physical activity, beginning with an educational foundation in spinal anatomy to enhance adolescents' motivation for postural improvement. Numerous corrective techniques are discussed. These include: Targeted strengthening and stretching routines Asymmetric exercises tailored for scoliosis Massage to stimulate circulation and muscle tone Pilates and stretching for muscle elasticity and balance Alexander and Norris methods focused on neuromuscular re-education Schroth therapy, emphasizing three-dimensional spinal correction with postural, breathing, and sensorimotor elements flexibility Innovative therapies such as Neurac and MFR that activate deep stabilizing muscles and improve fascial Osteopathy, kinesitherapy, and brace therapy for more severe deformities Choreographic exercises and dance are also shown to be effective due to their combined aesthetic, physical, and motivational benefits. The role of individualized and adaptable exercise programs is strongly emphasized, considering factors such as a child’s physical condition, type of spinal curvature, and emotional readiness. The article concludes that optimal results in postural correction require a comprehensive, individualized approach that integrates traditional and modern rehabilitation technologies. These combined efforts not only correct physical deformities but also promote long-term physical health, motivation for active lifestyles, and social adaptation.