Exploring Biotechnological Advancement in Coriander Cultivation: A review

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an essential herb used widely in culinary, medicinal, and aromatic applications globally. Key developments in coriander improvement including enhances yield, stress tolerance and phytochemical production. The potential of biotechnological approaches in addressing challenges such as disease resistance, environmental stresses and quality improvement is well understood. Genetic modification techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 have enabled precise gene editing for traits like disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, and improved nutrient uptake. Moreover, biotechnological tools enable precise gene editing, allowing for targeted modifications without introducing foreign genes. This approach ensures the safety and regulatory compliance of genetically modified coriander varieties, addressing concerns related to consumer acceptance and environmental impact. Additionally, advancements in tissue culture protocols have facilitated rapid propagation of elite coriander varieties, circumventing issues related to seed germination and maintaining genetic purity. Molecular breeding strategies employing marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection have expedited the development of high-yielding coriander cultivars with desirable agronomic traits.  “omics” approaches including genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics in elucidating the genetic basis of important traits in coriander provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying coriander development, stress responses, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. This review provides an overview of recent biotechnological advancements in coriander research focusing on areas such as genetic engineering, tissue culture, metabolomics, and molecular breeding aimed at enhancing coriander yield, quality, and stress resilience.