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PHOTOCHEMICAL TEST OF PHALERIA MACROCARPA ROOT STEM FRUIT SEED EXTRACT

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Mahkota dewa atau Phaleria macrocarpa dari keluarga Thymelaceae merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh di kawasan Indonesia. Tanaman ini banyak dimanfaatkan dalam membantu pengobatan berbagai jenis penyakit termasuk penyakit ringan hingga penyakit ganas. Perlu dilakukan uji fitokimia pada tanaman obat, uji fitokimia mengacu pada kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada suatu tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan atau berperan aktif dalam mencegah penyakit. Berdasarkan strukturnya bahan kimianya, senyawa metabolit sekunder dibagi menjadi beberapa yakni, alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, terpenoid, dan antrakuinon. Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini yaitu meneliti tentang ekstrak akar batang daun buah biji mahkota dewa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder secara kuantitatif pada akar, batang, daun, buah dan biji mahkota dewa (phaleria macrocarpa). Pada penelitian ini digunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menguji kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan mengidentifikasi kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak Mahkota Dewa. Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa hanya buah mahkota dewa yang mengandung senyawa fenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, terpenoid dan tanin. Sedangkan pada akar, batang daun dan biji mahkota dewa terdapat senyawa fenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, trapenoid, tanin dan tidak mengandung saponin. Kadar total flavonoid pada akar 11,8557, batang 0,7371, daun 12,2478, buah 21,5948, dan biji 30,9057 yang dinyatakan sebagai milligram ekivalen kuersetin tiap 1 gram berat ekstrak (mg QE/g ekstrak). Kesimpulan terdapat berbagai kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan kadar total flavonoid yang berbeda pada ekstrak akar, batang, daun, buah dan biji mahkota dewa.Kata kunci: Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria Macrocarpa); Metabolit Sekunder; Uji Fitokimia.AbstractPhalera macrocarpa from the Thymelaceae family is a plant that grows in Indonesia. This plant is widely used in helping the treatment of various diseases, including minor diseases to malignant diseases. It is necessary to carry out phytochemical tests on medicinal plants; phytochemical tests refer to secondary metabolite compounds found in a plant that have health benefits or play an active role in preventing disease. Based on their chemical structure, secondary metabolites are divided into several groups, namely, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and anthraquinones. The novelty of this study is to examine the root extract of the leaves of the crown of the gods. This study aims to identify the content of secondary metabolites quantitatively in the roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and seeds of the god crown (phaleria macrocarpa). This research used descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative methods to test the content of secondary metabolites and identify total flavonoid levels in Phaleria macrocarpa extract. The results of this study found that only Mahkota Dewa fruit contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids and tannins. Meanwhile, the roots, stems, leaves, and seeds of Phaleria macrocarpa contain phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins and do not contain saponins. Total levels of flavonoids in roots 11.8557, stems 0.7371, leaves 12.2478, fruit 21.5948, and seeds 30.9057 expressed as milligrams of quercetin equivalent per 1 gram of extract weight (mg QE/g extract). The conclusion is that there are various contents of secondary metabolites and different levels of total flavonoids in the extracts of the roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and seeds of Phaleria macrocarpa.Keywords: Phaleria Macrocarpa; Secondary metabolite; Photochemical Test.
Title: PHOTOCHEMICAL TEST OF PHALERIA MACROCARPA ROOT STEM FRUIT SEED EXTRACT
Description:
Mahkota dewa atau Phaleria macrocarpa dari keluarga Thymelaceae merupakan tanaman yang tumbuh di kawasan Indonesia.
Tanaman ini banyak dimanfaatkan dalam membantu pengobatan berbagai jenis penyakit termasuk penyakit ringan hingga penyakit ganas.
Perlu dilakukan uji fitokimia pada tanaman obat, uji fitokimia mengacu pada kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada suatu tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat bagi kesehatan atau berperan aktif dalam mencegah penyakit.
Berdasarkan strukturnya bahan kimianya, senyawa metabolit sekunder dibagi menjadi beberapa yakni, alkaloid, steroid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, terpenoid, dan antrakuinon.
Kebaruan dalam penelitian ini yaitu meneliti tentang ekstrak akar batang daun buah biji mahkota dewa.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder secara kuantitatif pada akar, batang, daun, buah dan biji mahkota dewa (phaleria macrocarpa).
Pada penelitian ini digunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk menguji kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan mengidentifikasi kadar flavonoid total pada ekstrak Mahkota Dewa.
Hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa hanya buah mahkota dewa yang mengandung senyawa fenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, terpenoid dan tanin.
Sedangkan pada akar, batang daun dan biji mahkota dewa terdapat senyawa fenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, trapenoid, tanin dan tidak mengandung saponin.
Kadar total flavonoid pada akar 11,8557, batang 0,7371, daun 12,2478, buah 21,5948, dan biji 30,9057 yang dinyatakan sebagai milligram ekivalen kuersetin tiap 1 gram berat ekstrak (mg QE/g ekstrak).
Kesimpulan terdapat berbagai kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan kadar total flavonoid yang berbeda pada ekstrak akar, batang, daun, buah dan biji mahkota dewa.
Kata kunci: Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria Macrocarpa); Metabolit Sekunder; Uji Fitokimia.
AbstractPhalera macrocarpa from the Thymelaceae family is a plant that grows in Indonesia.
This plant is widely used in helping the treatment of various diseases, including minor diseases to malignant diseases.
It is necessary to carry out phytochemical tests on medicinal plants; phytochemical tests refer to secondary metabolite compounds found in a plant that have health benefits or play an active role in preventing disease.
Based on their chemical structure, secondary metabolites are divided into several groups, namely, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and anthraquinones.
The novelty of this study is to examine the root extract of the leaves of the crown of the gods.
This study aims to identify the content of secondary metabolites quantitatively in the roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and seeds of the god crown (phaleria macrocarpa).
This research used descriptive research with qualitative and quantitative methods to test the content of secondary metabolites and identify total flavonoid levels in Phaleria macrocarpa extract.
The results of this study found that only Mahkota Dewa fruit contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids and tannins.
Meanwhile, the roots, stems, leaves, and seeds of Phaleria macrocarpa contain phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins and do not contain saponins.
Total levels of flavonoids in roots 11.
8557, stems 0.
7371, leaves 12.
2478, fruit 21.
5948, and seeds 30.
9057 expressed as milligrams of quercetin equivalent per 1 gram of extract weight (mg QE/g extract).
The conclusion is that there are various contents of secondary metabolites and different levels of total flavonoids in the extracts of the roots, stems, leaves, fruits, and seeds of Phaleria macrocarpa.
Keywords: Phaleria Macrocarpa; Secondary metabolite; Photochemical Test.

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