UBE as a modern approach to the surgical treatment of intervertebral disc herniations with lumbar spinal stenosis

Aim. To improve the results of surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation using biportal endoscopy.Material and Methods. We analysed the diagnostic data and surgical results of 23 patients diagnosed with disc herniation and stenosis in the lumbar spine. The study period covers the years 2021 to 2023. During the study, all 23 patients underwent a series of diagnostic procedures: clinical neurological examination, CT, MRI and functional radiography. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the method of surgical intervention: the main group (n=23), where unilateral biportal endoscopy was used, and the control group (n=20), where endoscopic discectomy was used.Results. Long-term outcomes were assessed using the MacNab scale at 9 months after surgery. 82.6% of patients had excellent outcomes. In 2 (8.8%) cases, the results were good; these patients had moderate pain that had completely disappeared by the time they were discharged from hospital. One patient (4.3%) had a satisfactory result, but continued to have moderate nagging pain, which disappeared in the first seven days after discharge from the medical facility. Poor outcome was reported in 1 case (4.3%); this patient had persistent radicular pain due to the development of postoperative neuritis. There were no cases of recurrent disc herniation.Conclusion. The unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBE) is a minimally invasive and promising technique that can be used as an alternative to the traditional open surgical approach.