Foot-and-mouth disease, Vesicular stomatitis, Newcastle disease, and Swine vesicular disease

In this chapter we review four viral zoonoses that are an important cause of a vesicular disease in animals, but only occasionally cause human infections. These viruses represent three different taxonomical families (Picornaviridae, Rhabdoviridae, Paramyxoviridae). Their clinical manifestations in animals resemble each another, characterised by vesicular eruptions in skin and mucous membranes, while human manifestations are generally mild and range from skin lesions and conjunctivitis to influenza-like illness and rarely encephalitis.