ATP attenuates olaparib-induced gastric damage in rats

Background Olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor widely used in cancer therapy, has been associated with gastrointestinal adverse effects; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies have suggested that oxidative stress may contribute to olaparib-induced tissue injury. Objective This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) against olaparib-induced gastric damage in rats. Methods Animals were divided into healthy control (HG), olaparib alone (OLPG), ATP alone (ATPG), and ATP + olaparib (ATOLG) groups. Gastric injury was evaluated by macroscopic assessment of ulcer area and ulcer number. Histopathological alterations were examined using hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, and oxidative stress status was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense parameters. Results Olaparib administration induced marked gastric mucosal injury, characterized by increased ulcer area and ulcer number, severe histopathological damage, and pronounced oxidative stress. In contrast, ATP co-administration significantly attenuated gastric injury, as evidenced by reduced ulcer area and ulcer number, improved histopathological architecture, and restoration of oxidative balance. Compared with the OLPG group, the ATOLG group showed significant improvement in macroscopic, histopathological, and oxidative stress parameters. Conclusion ATP administration attenuated olaparib-induced gastric damage and improved oxidative stress parameters in rats. Although the underlying mechanisms were not directly investigated in the present study, the obtained findings provide preliminary experimental evidence suggesting that ATP may have protective potential against olaparib-induced gastric injury.