The distribution of polar magnetic activity during the solar cycle 24: polar coronal jets  and polar coronal holes

Abstract The polar magnetic field, polar coronal holes (PCHs), and polar jets play an essential role in the generation of solar wind. To investigate their relationships during Solar Cycle 24, we applied the degradation factor of the SDO/AIA 304 Å channel correction to Liu et al.'s coronal jet counts. Using the adjusted jet data in conjunction with coronal hole information from the McIntosh Archive and polar magnetic field observations from the Wilcox Solar Observatory, we analyzed spatiotemporal correlation and hemispheric asymmetry of polar coronal jets and PCHs, and links to polar magnetic polarity changes. Our findings reveal a significant statistical correlation between the temporal variations in polar jets and the periodic behavior of PCHs. Both phenomena exhibit consistent hemispheric asymmetries throughout their evolution, which are closely associated with changes in the polar magnetic field. The cessation of polar jets and the disappearance of PCHs occur concurrently with the reversal of polar magnetic field polarity. This temporal alignment provides significant evidence supporting the hypothesis that polar jets and CHs are modulated by the sequence of magnetic polarity reversals in both hemispheres.