Strategies for Improving Hybrid Layer Durability in Restorative Dentistry: A Narrative Review of Dentin Biomodifiers

Objectives: To perform a true analysis of scholarly sources on various dentin biomodifiers used in dental adhesive advancements. Methodology: A comprehensive search was performed for additional relevant literature to identify peer-reviewed articles. This  focused mainly  on the hierarchical structure of dentin, various biomodifiers, and studies exploring their dentinal applications. Result: Dentin biomodifier strategies are broadly classified into synthetic and natural . Further these are divided into physical and chemical methods. All of these approaches demonstrate unique mechanisms of interaction with dentin tissue. While originally believed to rely solely on non-enzymatic collagen cross-linking induced by intra- or intermolecular collagen bonding for dentin biomodification. It is now understood that various correlation with other components of dentin are crucial for ensuring biomodification which prolongs the mechanical integrity and biological stability for dentinal bonding. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PAs) demonstrate strong bioactivity  however  their complex chemical composition requires a thorough  analysis of key constituents to develop standardized, sustainable intervention materials prior to progressing to advanced clinical evaluation. Essence: Gaining insight into dentin’s hierarchical structure and the specific effects of therapeutic agents will support their application in enhancing the dentin-biomaterial interface and managing dental caries.