Foreign experience in the development of extreme tourism and its implementation in Ukraine

Prospective directions of tourism development in foreign countries in the structure of which extreme tourism is one of the main ones are considered. Among such areas: dark and adventure tourism, wilderness tourism, unguided and volunteer tourism, incognita tourism and tourism to «cold islands», tourism in the Arctic and Antarctica, etc. It is noted that for the development of the characterized directions of extreme tourism of foreign countries, there are adequate prerequisites for their development in Ukraine. At the beginning of the XXI century. extreme tourism in Ukraine began to develop actively, but spontaneously. The goal is to carry out an analysis of foreign experience in the development of extreme tourism for its introduction in Ukraine. In the research process, in addition to own searches in the countries of Western Europe and North and South America, Internet resources were used, systemic, spatial-resource approaches and methods - analysis and synthesis, complexity of abstraction - were used. It is noted that the more active and organized development of extreme tourism in Ukraine is hindered by its belonging to sports and the lack of theoretical justification of the necessity. Taking into account the foreign experience in the development of extreme tourism is essential in solving these issues. The «dark» and adventurous directions of tourism development in foreign countries are characterized in more detail. «Dark tourism» refers to the attraction of tourists to places associated with death and human disasters. Adventure tourism includes some participation in sports, certain types of recreational activities and extreme tourism, which has a high level of certain risk. It was noted that in addition to the considered areas of tourism development in foreign countries, it is also necessary to learn more about the process of development of certain promising types of extreme tourism. It is shown that the number of publications devoted to the prospects for the development of extreme tourism in Asian countries, especially among young people, is increasing. One of the aspects of such development is the consideration of foreign experience, which requires further detailed knowledge of it. Keywords: tourism, extreme tourism, abroad, experience, directions of development, prospects.