Reframing the Intersection of Subaltern Identities in Displaced Spaces: Survival amidst the Hegemonic Powers in Malala Yousafzai's We Are Displaced

The purpose of this paper is to discuss displacement, marginalisation, and intersectionality as used by Malala Yousafzai in her memoir, We Are Displaced: My Journey and Stories from Refugee Girls Around the World (2019). The study explores the intersection of race, gender, and nationality to sustain systemic marginalisation and exclusion by analyzing the experiences of refugee women using the theory of intersectionality proposed by Crenshaw (2015) and the subaltern theory that was proposed by Gayatri Spivak. These alienation and hybrid identities have majorly rendered the voiceless women in the refugee backgrounds disconnected with both the host culture, and their native cultures. Previous studies on the social exclusion of groups indicate a feeling of structural inequality in the economic, education, and politics. Nevertheless, displacement and subalternity have been less studied in relation to one another. 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