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Dasar Pertahanan Negara Malaysia: Adakah ianya Kukuh?

ABSTRAKSI: Semenjak tahun 1957 hingga 2010, Malaysia telah membangunkan dasar dan angkatan pertahanan. Sejajar dengan kepentingan bagi sesebuah negara dalam menjaga dan melindungi keselamatan, Malaysia telah membangunkan DPN (Dasar Pertahanan Negara) dan memodenkan angkatan pertahanan semenjak tahun 1990. Kerajaan Malaysia juga turut menwar-warkan mengenai kemampuan dan keupayaan ATM (Angkatan Tentera Malaysia) untuk menjaga kedaulatan dan keselamatan negara. Walau bagaimanapun, DPN mengenai pertahanan yang dibentuk telah menimbulkan persoalan, iaitu sejauh mana kemampuan DPN dapat diamalkan. Ini kerana terdapat pelbagai masalah dan isu yang membabitkan pertahanan dan keselamatan, seperti serangan pengganas, keyakinan rakyat terhadap kemampuan ATM, dan sebagainya. Justeru, kertas ini menganalisis adakah DPN yang diamalkan oleh negara Malaysia itu kukuh atau tidak. Akhir sekali, sebuah negara yang hidup dalam sistem antarabangsa yang bersifat anarki, ianya perlu menjadikan aspek pertahanan dan keselamatan sebagai self-reliance, kerana pergantungan kepada aktor bukan negara bukan satu jaminan. Dapatan penyelidikan juga mencadangkan bahawa DPN yang diamalkan oleh Malaysia perlu mengambilkira konsep pertahanan yang lebih komprehensif, kerana konsep ancaman sentiasa berkembang yang bukan hanya membabitkan aspek ancaman tradisional sahaja, sebaliknya membabitkan aspek bukan tradisional. Dengan kelemahan dan permasalahan ini, ianya menunjukan bahawa DPN di Malaysia adalah masih lemah.KATA KUNCI: Dasar pertahanan negara, keselamatan negara, angkatan tentera Malaysia, memodenkan tentera, dan keyakinan rakyat. ABSTRACT: “Malaysia National Defence Policy: Is it Firm?”. From 1957 to 2010, Malaysia developed policy and defense forces. In line with the importance for a country to maintain and protect the security, Malaysia has developed an NDP (National Defence Policy) and modernized the defense forces since 1990. The Malaysian government has also talked about the ability and capability of the ATM (Malaysian Armed Forces) to protect the sovereignty and security of the country. However, the formation of NDP has raised questions about its ability. This is because there are many problems and issues affecting defense and security, such as terrorist attacks, public confidence in the ability of ATM, and so on. Thus, this paper analyzes whether the NDP practiced by Malaysia is firm or not. Finally, as country that lives in the anarchical international system, it is necessary to make defense and security aspects as self-reliance, for reliance on non-state actors is not a guarantee. The findings of the research also recommended that the NDP practiced by Malaysia should take a more comprehensive concept of defense, because the concept of threats is constantly evolving which does not only threatens the traditional aspects, but also the non-traditional ones. With these weaknesses and problems, it is concluded that the NDP in Malaysia is still weak.KEY WORD: National defence policy, national security, Malaysian armed forces, modernized the forces, and public confidence.<img src="/public/site/images/wirta/09.a_.faisol_.my_.ok_.jpg" alt="" /> <img src="/public/site/images/wirta/09.b_.pakeer_.my_.ok_.jpg" alt="" /> <img src="/public/site/images/wirta/09.c_.suhib_.my_.ok_.jpg" alt="" />About the Authors: Dr. Mohamad Faisol Keling dan Md Shukri Suhib ialah Pensyarah Kanan di College of Law, Government & International Studies UUM (Universiti Utara Malaysia), Sintok, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia. Ahmad Shah Pakeer Mohamed ialah Pensyarah di Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies UiTM (Universiti Teknologi MARA [Majelis Amanah Rakyat]), Campus Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Alamat emel penulis: <a href="mailto:m.faisol@uum.edu.my">m.faisol@uum.edu.my</a> dan <a href="mailto:ahmadshah6767@gmail.com">ahmadshah6767@gmail.com</a>How to cite this article? Keling, Mohamad Faisol, Ahmad Shah Pakeer Mohamed & Md Shukri Suhib. (2016). “Dasar Pertahanan Negara Malaysia: Adakah ianya Kukuh?” in MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan, Vol.1(1) Maret, pp.101-122. Bandung, Indonesia: UPI Press. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (February 9, 2015); Revised (February 19, 2016); and Published (March 11, 2016).