Anaphylactic Shock in Children: New European Approaches, Review of a Clinical Case

Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Early diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of anaphylaxis are essential to reduce its associated morbidity and mortality. The article analyzes the key components of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) 2021 guidelines for pediatric resuscitation in clinical practice and presents a clinical case of pediatric practice. The materials for the study were published information sources, in particular the recommendations of ERC (2021) for pediatric resuscitation in clinical practice and the publication of other scientific researches. Methods of systematic and structural-logical analysis, bibliosemantic method were used. Conducting training on the management of a child with anaphylaxis among medical personnel, parents, other persons who take care of the child involves the training of several team members who must act in parallel and in a coordinated manner. Information on modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of anaphylaxis in the recommendations of ERC (2021) on pediatric resuscitation in clinical practice was analyzed. Research of the long-term therapy of anaphylaxis, including methods of diagnosis and avoiding triggers, is promising; identification of cofactors; education of the patient, parents and persons who take care of the children, as well as measures aimed at reducing sensitivity to allergens. Many of the etiological and pathophysiological processes underlying anaphylaxis in children and infants differ from those in adults. Available evidences are often insufficient and/or extrapolated from the adult literature. Because anaphylaxis is less common in children, doctors, parents, and other caregivers may have limited experience. The ERC (2021) recommendations for pediatric resuscitation in clinical practice include training and application in practice.