«WEST-EAST» AND «EAST-WEST» IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSE: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

The concepts of «West-East» and «East-West» are not only the object of philosophical research, but also have a significant impact on the formation of the modern geopolitical map of the world, cultural exchange and intercultural interaction. In the context of globalization and increasing international contacts, it becomes especially important to understand the differences and similarities between Western and Eastern cultures, as well as to recognize the interdependence and mutual influence of these cultural traditions. The philosophical discourse around these concepts reflects both the historical and cultural characteristics of the West and East, as well as modern challenges and problems facing the world community. It is important to understand that these concepts should not be seen as oppositions or hierarchies, but as a diversity of cultural experiences and opportunities for mutual enrichment. Thus, the study and analysis of the concepts «West-East» and «East-West» not only contributes to expanding our knowledge about world culture and history, but also helps to form a deeper understanding of modern global challenges and ways to overcome them through dialogue and cooperation between various cultural traditions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the philosophical discourse associated with the concepts of «West-East» and «East-West», both in historical and modern contexts. The article examines the evolution of these concepts from antiquity to modern times, as well as their influence on the formation of cultural, political and philosophical ideas. Particular attention is paid to a comparative analysis of the perception of the “other” in the cultures of the West and East, as well as their interaction in the modern world context. The article uses a comparative analysis method based on the study of philosophical texts, historical documents and modern research. Methods of critical and interpretive analysis are also used to identify major trends and contradictions in the concepts under consideration. As a result of the analysis, it was established that the concepts of «West-East» and «East-West» continue to remain relevant for modern philosophical discourse, although their content and interpretation may change depending on the context and time. The main features of the perception of the «other» in the West and the East are revealed, and the possibilities for dialogue and mutual understanding between cultures are considered.