Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Tigarun (Crateva magna DC.) Leaf Extract

Introduction: Tigarun (Crateva magna DC.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in South Kalimantan to treat various ailments. Its leaves contain bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids with known antioxidant properties. However, scientific data on the antioxidant capacity and quantitative composition of these compounds, particularly from local populations, remain limited. This study therefore evaluates the antioxidant activity and quantifies the phenolic and flavonoid contents of Tigarun leaf extracts to support its traditional use scientifically. Aims: This study aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of tigarun leaf extract. Methods: The dried tigarun leaves were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. Total phenolic content was analyzed using the Folin–Ciocalteu method with gallic acid as the standard, while total flavonoid content was determined by the aluminum chloride method using quercetin. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method and expressed as Ascorbic Acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (AEAC). Results: The total phenolic content of the extract was 5.741 g GAE/100 g extract, and the total flavonoid content was 2.685 g QE/100 g extract. The antioxidant activity was 209.772 ± 2.432 mg AEAC/g extract, indicating strong free radical scavenging ability. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Tigarun (Crateva magna DC.) leaves showed notable phenolic and flavonoid contents with strong antioxidant activity. Compared with related species such as Crateva nurvala, these levels are within a comparable range, supporting the potential of Tigarun as a natural antioxidant source for pharmaceutical or nutraceutical applications.