Nanocatalysts in Modern Organic Reactions: Current Trends and Future Perspective: A Mini Review

Abstract: Nanocatalysts have emerged as transformative tools in present-day organic transformation, facilitating synthesis with exceptional catalytic performance, high selectivity, and sustainability. This review presents advancements in nanocatalysts, emphasizing their structural properties, synthesis methods, and current trends for applications in various organic transformations. From Fe-doped MnO2 for oxidation reactions to biomassderived chitin-supported Ag catalysts for hydrogen borrowing, diverse catalytic systems have demonstrated superior performance. Core-shell architectures, such as Au@NiOx and MoNi@TiO2, highlight the significance of strong metal-support interactions in enhancing reactivity. Additionally, green and recyclable catalysts, including covalent triazine frameworks (CTF-SO3H) and UiO-66-NH2@SA-PS/CuI, have been developed for selective cross-coupling and carbohydrate valorization. Advances in MOFs, magnetic nanocatalysts, and hybrid systems further underscore the potential of nanocatalysts in sustainable organic synthesis. Future perspectives suggest a shift toward bio-inspired catalysts, AI-driven catalyst optimization, and multifunctional hybrid systems to enhance efficiency and industrial applicability. By integrating advanced characterization techniques, computational modeling, and eco-friendly synthetic approaches, nanocatalysis is poised to revolutionize organic chemistry. This review provides insights into current trends and future directions, emphasizing the role of nanocatalysts in shaping the next generation of sustainable organic transformations.