Analysis of Optimization Techniques of Throughput Capacity, Power and Energy for IoT Networks: A Critical Survey

The Internet of Things (IoT) has transformed device communication and interaction, allowing for many applications such as smart homes and industrial automation. The diversified nature of IoT networks, with various devices having different processing capabilities and communication needs, presents issues in maximizing throughput capacity while efficiently handling power and energy usage. This study provides a detailed examination of optimization methods designed to improve the efficiency of IoT networks in terms of throughput capacity, power efficiency, and energy consumption. The study starts by examining the current literature on IoT network structures, communication protocols, and optimization techniques. The text thoroughly examines many optimization targets, including increasing throughput capacity, decreasing power usage, and extending network lifetime. The research examines the trade-offs among throughput, power, and energy consumption in IoT networks, highlighting the necessity of employing multi-objective optimization methods to strike a balance between competing objectives. Study of routing algorithms, focusing on protocols like RPL (Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks) and its effects on throughput capacity, power efficiency, and energy consumption.Analysis of energy-efficient MAC protocols designed for IoT contexts to minimize idle listening, collisions, and overhead, leading to power conservation and improved network performance. Cross-layer optimization involves integrating optimization approaches across many layers of the IoT protocol stack to collectively enhance throughput capacity, power consumption, and energy efficiency. This study offers significant insights into optimizing throughput capacity, power, and energy consumption in IoT networks. It gives guidelines for network designers, researchers, and practitioners to create efficient and sustainable IoT systems. The need to use comprehensive optimization strategies to tackle the intricate issues in IoT deployments is emphasized, leading to the development of scalable, dependable, and energy-efficient IoT ecosystems.