Importance of ultrasonography and colour doppler in evaluation of bowel pathology in clinically suspected cases.

Background: High resolution ultrasonography and colour doppler have become valuable diagnostic modalities for the evaluation of bowel pathology. Study was done to evaluate importance of ultrasound with colour doppler in bowel pathology arising from duodenum to rectum. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 160 patients was done with bowel pathology during July 2013 to December 2014. The study group consists of patients who presented with clinical signs and symptoms pertaining to pathology arising from the duodenum, small bowel, large bowel and appendages. Detailed history was taken before the sonography examination. Results: In our study, out of 160 patients of bowel lesions, 42 patients (26.2%) were under 32 to 40 years age group. Pain in abdomen was the commonest presentation found in 149 patients (93.1%). Infection and Inflammatory lesions were the commonest bowel pathology detected in 109 patients (68.1%), among them appendicitis & its complication was the commonest pathology followed by abdominal tuberculosis. Neoplasm was 2nd most common pathology which constituted 28 patients (17.5%). The commonest malignant lesion was adenocarcinoma diagnosed in 19 patients (70%). Conclusion: Ultrasonography (USG) is the primary investigation of choice in the patients with pain in abdomen. The use of endosongraphy proved to be essential in detecting and staging rectosigmoid malignancy. Hydrocolon technique and fluid aided sonography also helped in delineating colonic masses. High frequency graded compression sonography proved to be essential in case with acute appendicitis.