Structure and biomedical applications of bioactive polyphenols from food and fruits

AbstractPolyphenols, a class of bioactive compounds existing in food and fruit, play an essential role in anti‐oxidation, anti‐inflammation, anticancer, anti‐atherosclerosis, and antiaging by scavenging free radicals, regulating cellular redox potential, signaling pathways, and so on. Due to the low bioavailability/high activity paradox, the functional mechanism of polyphenols in biomedicine has attracted widespread attention. This review summarizes polyphenols (especially quercetin) chemical structure and bioactive mechanism (signaling pathways, enzyme activity, cell redox potential, and gene expression) to show in‐depth biomedical functional mechanisms for the control of chronic heath diseases such as oxidation, inflammation, cancer, atherosclerosis, and aging. This study can deepen the understanding of polyphenols' effects on human health.Novelty impact statement Providing another perspective for the comprehensive reuse of polyphenols in food and fruit. Summarizing the polyphenols in biomedical research progress of function mechanism. Deeping the understanding of the effects of polyphenols on human health.