Study of Efficacy of 3% Hypertonic Saline Nebulisation in Hospitalised Children with Bronchiolitis in Age Group of 2 Months – 24 Months

Background: Bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization in infants under two years, typically caused by RSV. Management is largely supportive. Recent attention has turned to 3% hypertonic saline nebulisation, which may enhance mucociliary clearance and reduce symptoms. Aim: To assess the clinical effectiveness of 3% hypertonic saline nebulisation versus standard care in hospitalized children aged 2–24 months with bronchiolitis, focusing on symptom resolution and hospital stay duration. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted at DMCH, Laheriasarai, involving 200 children randomized into two groups: one receiving 3% hypertonic saline nebulisation and the other standard supportive care. Data on clinical parameters, symptom resolution, adverse events, and length of hospital stay were collected and analyzed. Observations: Children treated with hypertonic saline had significantly faster resolution of cough (59% in 4–5 days) and wheeze (92% in 1–2 days), and shorter hospital stays (88% discharged within 1–3 days), compared to controls. No adverse effects were reported. Conclusion: Nebulised 3% hypertonic saline appears to be a safe and effective adjunct therapy in managing bronchiolitis, resulting in faster symptom relief and reduced hospital stay. Further multicentric studies may help solidify its role in routine care.