Correlation between Endometrial Thickness in Transvaginal Sonography and Histopathological Findings in Women with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is described as abnormality in cycle regularity (irregular, regular or absent), frequency (frequent, normal or infrequent/ 24-38 days), duration (prolonged, normal or shortened/ 4-8 days), heaviness of each bleeding episodes (heavy, normal or light/ 4-80 ml). This study correlated the endometrial thickness by transvaginal ultrasonography with histopathological pattern in women aged ≥40 years presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. This was a prospective study done in women aged ≥40 years presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding. The study was conducted in N=37 women in 1 year duration. Transvaginal sonography was done to measure endometrial thickness and endometrial biopsy was taken and sent for histopathological examination. Histopathological reports were reviewed and analysis done with EPI info software. The most common age group presenting with AUB was 40-49 years in 22 women (60%). Total 16 women (43.2%) had endometrial thickness of 5-9.9mm and ≥10mm in 10 women (27.0%) in TVS finding. The histopathological findings showed that proliferative endometrium was most commonly seen i.e. in 17 women (45.9%) and endometrial carcinoma was seen in 3 women (8.1%). The most common clinical presentation was menorrhagia in 18 women (48.6%) and least common was oligomenorrhea in 1 woman (2.7%). The correlation of TVS and HPE finding in this study showed that there is significant positive correlation between endometrial thickness in TVS and histopathological examination, r = .512 and p-value is. 001.Transvaginal sonography is a tool for the evaluation of AUB as an initial procedure. Endometrial biopsy is a procedure for histological evaluation of the endometrium and remains the standard diagnostic procedure for the assessment of abnormal uterine bleeding. In women with AUB, they are useful tools to identify various histopathological finding like endometrial carcinoma. Thus, sonography with histological assessment of the endometrium is the corner stone for diagnosis and for further management.