Evaluation of the Relationship between Sublingual Varices and Hypertension

Objectives: Sublingual varices are characterized by abnormally dilated veins. Some systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease have been suggested to be associated with sublingual varices. Due to the convenience in examining the sublingual area, the present study aimed to assess the relationship between sublingual varices and hypertension. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 500 patients were categorized into two groups: those with sublingual varices and those without. Two oral medicine specialists assessed the lesions, and the blood pressure of all patients was measured while they were in a relaxed sitting position. Age and gender data were recorded for all participants. Statistical analysis included t-test, chi-square, and logistic regression, with significance set at P<0.05. Results: The frequency of sublingual varices was 21.8%. Mean systolic blood pressure was 139.68±19.01mmHg in patients with sublingual varices and 118.09±13.78mmHg in patients without the lesions (P=0.561). Mean diastolic blood pressure was 100.45±17.81mmHg and 80.31±12.08mmHg in patients with and without sublingual varices, respectively (P<0.001). Smoking was significantly more prevalent among patients who had the lesions (P<0.05). Gender (P=0.686) and age (P=0.875) showed no significant relationship with sublingual varices, while smoking and blood pressure levels were significantly associated with these varices (P<0.001). Conclusion: It is advisable to monitor and manage blood pressure in patients with sublingual varices who may not be aware of their blood pressure status. Our results showed that smoking could be one of the predictive factors for sublingual varices.