Comparative Effectiveness of Scapular Stabilization Exercises with and Without Deep Breathing on Pain and Chest Expansion in Patients with Scapulocostal Syndrome

Background: Scapulocostal syndrome (SCS) is a musculoskeletal condition characterized by pain and reduced thoracic mobility due to abnormal scapular kinematics and muscle dysfunction. Current rehabilitation strategies vary in effectiveness, highlighting the need for optimal intervention protocols.Objective: To compare the effectiveness of scapular stabilization exercises with and without deep breathing on pain reduction and chest expansion in patients with SCS.Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 36 participants diagnosed with SCS, aged 18-40 years. Participants were randomly allocated to the intervention group (scapular stabilization exercises with deep breathing) or control group (scapular stabilization alone). Pain levels were measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and chest expansion was assessed using a tape measure at axilla and xiphisternum levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.Results: The intervention group showed a significant reduction in pain levels (VAS score: 2.1 ± 0.6 vs. 4.7 ± 0.9; p < 0.001) and improved chest expansion (5.4 ± 0.6 cm vs. 3.9 ± 0.5 cm; p < 0.001) compared to the control group.Conclusion: Incorporating deep breathing into scapular stabilization exercises significantly enhances pain reduction and thoracic mobility in SCS patients.