Antimicrobial Therapy in Dentistry: An Evidence-based Review of Pomegranate Fruit Properties

Background: Phytotherapy is characterized by the use of medicinal plants in their different dosage forms. Currently, the use of this alternative medicine has increased. The raw material of herbal medicines consists of organs from medicinal plants (leaves, stems, fruits, peels, flowers and roots) with pharmacological, food, technical or cosmetic adjuvant effects. In addition, the side effects of its use appear to be reduced compared to synthetic and conventional medication. Objective: The aim of this mini-review is to present the scientific evidence involving the properties of the pomegranate fruit for future antimicrobial applications in dentistry. Methods: Literature searches included randomized clinical trials and in vitro studies [2000-2023] filtered mainly by the following terms [Punica granatum L.], [Pomegranate], [Dentistry], [Antimicrobial activity] and [Candida albicans]. Results: Studies have shown that Punica granatum Linn. has considerable antimicrobial activity, in addition to other pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer, antioxidant and antiinflammatory action. The use of herbal medicines, as potent antimicrobial agents against oral pathogens, has been widely reported. Conclusion: The use of P. granatum has proven its effectiveness, as a potent antimicrobial agent against oral pathogens, especially against the fungus Candida albicans, future studies need to focus on the development of a biocompatible formulation directed to the treatment of patients with oral candidiasis.