MOG-IgG-associated disorder and systemic lupus erythematosus disease: Systematic review

Introduction Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a nervous system protein expressed by oligodendrocytes to constitute the myelin sheath. Autoantibodies against MOG have been widely described in neurological and autoimmune diseases such as MOG-IgG-associated disorder (MOGAD). Although underlying mechanisms have not yet been understood, an overlap of MOGAD and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) has been shown in the literature. Objectives The aim of this systematic review was to assess the possible correlations between MOGAD and SLE based on reported features found in the literature that support the association of the two. Methods A keyword-based literature search was conducted, applying a ten-year filter and using the following key-words: “MOG autoantibody-associated disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus”; “MOG and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus” “Anti-MOG and Lupus”; “MOG and SLE”; “MOG and LUPUS” on MEDLINE/PUBMED, ScienceDirect, SciELO, LILACS and Cochrane; and “MOG antibody-associated disease and SLE” on Google Scholar. Results Eleven publications reporting on the MOGAD and SLE correlation were included in qualitative synthesis: animal experiment (1), cross-sectional (3), prospective (2), retrospective (1), non-systematic review (3), and case report (1) studies. Conclusion Not much is known about the connection between MOG-IgG-associated disorder and SLE. Unfortunately, only observational studies have been conducted in humans so far, providing us with limited data. While MOGAD features have been reported to develop in SLE patients, this is not an universal finding. In fact, many different issues impair these results, making it difficult to match the findings of different studies.