Evaluating the climate resilience and yield stability of Brassica genotypes in temperate conditions : A multi-year performance study

 This study compares Brassica napus genotypes (KGS) with the check variety SHALIMAR GOBI SARSON 1 and Brassica rapa genotypes (KBS) with the check variety SS2 in order to assess the genotypic performance and stability of seed yield (SY) of 35 genotypes during a seven-year period (2018–2024) in the Kashmir Valley. The performance variability of the genotypes showed significant genotypic and environmental influences as well as genotype-byenvironment (G × E) interactions. KGS53 was consistently the most stable and highest-yielding of the Brassica napus genotypes, followed by KGS52. Over time, KGS53 showed a low coefficient of variation (CV), demonstrating exceptional resilience and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Comparable yield stability was demonstrated by KBS genotypes, especially KBS-63, which outperformed the SS2 check. KBS-63 maintained moderate yields and low CV, indicating its potential for a variety of agro-climatic conditions. The Brassica napus check, SHALIMAR GOBI SARSON 1, in contrast, showed poor adaptability to shifting environmental circumstances, as seen by its high variability and inconsistent performance. Additionally, the Brassica rapa check SS2 showed reduced yields and a high CV, which made it less dependable over time. The significance of choosing stable genotypes for climate resilience was highlighted by the ANOVA results, which showed significant genotype, environment, and genotype-by-environment interactions (P < 0.001). According to the results, breeding initiatives targeting the Kashmir Valley’s yield stability and climatic resistance should give priority to KGS53 (Brassica napus) and KBS-63 (Brassica rapa). In order to evaluate genotype performance in various environmental circumstances and ensure sustainable agricultural practices in the face of climate change, multi-environment trials are necessary.