Public Awareness and Perceptions of Medicolegal Autopsies in Kerala

BACKGROUND:Death is often met with fear, rooted in the unknown, and many cultures maintain beliefs in lifeafter death, souls, and ghosts. These beliefs shape rituals to honor the departed. However,unnatural deaths requiring autopsies can intensify challenges, especially in superstition-heavysocieties. Even in Kerala, with its 100% literacy rate, such beliefs persist. This study examinespublic awareness, perceptions, and attitudes toward medicolegal autopsies, exploring howeducation, superstition, and medical practices intersect in shaping societal responses.AIM:To study the general public’s awareness in Kerala regarding various aspects of medicolegalautopsies, including the purpose, process, legal implications, and societal perceptions of suchinvestigations.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted using face to face interviews and questionnaire thatwas carefully prepared and distributed randomly among the general public across differentregions of Kerala. The responses from study population, were collected for analysis. Theresponses were thoroughly examined, and conclusions were drawn based on the data gathered,providing insights into the public's awareness and perceptions of medicolegal autopsies in thestate.RESULTS:The study conducted in Kerala revealed that most laypeople were aware of medicolegalautopsies, with 92% demonstrating a good understanding. However, 6% partially accepted theprocedure’s feasibility, 1.25% opposed it due to personal or cultural beliefs, and 0.75% wereunfamiliar with the concept. Among those opposing autopsies, 27% cited religious reasons, 18%feared disfigurement, and 3% considered it ethically wrong. While basic awareness exists,comprehensive knowledge about the purpose, legal implications, procedures, and significance ofmedicolegal autopsies is limited. Misconceptions or incomplete information about when andwhy autopsies are conducted were common. The findings highlight the need for educationalinitiatives to enhance public understanding of the vital role of medicolegal autopsies in forensicand legal contexts.CONCLUSION: The study highlights strong support for autopsies but reveals significant publicknowledge gaps. Addressing misconceptions through education and collaboration can improveunderstanding and acceptance, promoting informed consent for medical and legal purposes.