The Dynamics of Phytoremediation as Green Initiative Technology for Restoring Soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals: A Systematic Review of Literature

Heavy metal (HM) pollution of soil has become a major global environmental concern due to increased industrialization and agricultural activities.  In order to restore soil contaminated by heavy metals (HMs), this research conducts a systematic assessment of phytoremediation as a green initiative technology.  Heavy metals, their impacts on soil, and phytoremediation were all examined using an explanatory research methodology and a qualitative research method.   The sources of heavy metals (HMs) in the soil, their effects on living things, phytoremediation of HMs in the soil, plant species used for phytoremediation, their effects on the soil, their benefits, and how to dispose of plants used for phytoremediation, among other things, were all conceptualized in the paper.  The limits of these methods and strategies for improving them were also discussed in the paper.  Based on the systematic review, the paper was able to conclude that phytoremediation stands at the forefront of innovative environmental restoration, promising significant advancements in cleaner and healthier ecosystems, and that it may be used as an affordable, efficient, environmentally and eco-friendly method related to the use of metal-accumulating plants as an alternative method for HM cleanup.