Serum Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Chloride and Bicarbonate in Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type II diabetes mellitus is 90% to 95% of all the diagnosed diabetes mellitus. It is a more complex condition than insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type I diabetes mellitus. Hypomagnesemia and other electro-lytes changes are associated with type II diabetes. Objective: To observe the effects of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus on serum magne-sium, sodium, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate levels. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Physiology, Rangpur medical college, Rangpur, from July 2010 to June 2011. For these 50 types of II diabetic patients were included in the study group-B. The patients were selected from the outpatient department in Rangpur diabetic association, Rangpur. For comparison age matched 50 apparently healthy nondiabetic subjects were also included in the study group-A (control). For statistical analysis an independent sample't' test was performed by using SPSS 15.0 versions for windows. Serum magnesium was measured by photometric colori metric calmagite method. Serum sodium, potassium and chloride were measured by ion selective electrode (ISE) method. Serum bicarbonate was measured by photometric colorimetric method. Results: Mean serum magnesium level in type II diabetes was lower significantly (P < 0.001) than that of the healthy nondiabetic control. Mean serum sodium, chloride and bicarbonate levels were decreased in type II diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic healthy subjects but not significant (P > 0.05) Again mean serum potassium level was increased in type II diabetic patients than that of apparently healthy control but not significant (P > 0.05) Conclusion: Serum magnesium level is significantly decreased in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients. Serum sodium, chloride and bicarbonate levels are decreased, and serum potassium level is increased in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus but not significant.