Analysis of species composition of urban flora of the Almaty district of Astana city

In recent years, studies of urban floras have refuted the view that urban floras are poor in terms of total number of species, and it has been found that urban floras are distinct from the environment and at the same time reflect its richness. Our paper presents the composition of urban flora of Almaty district of Astana city. It is revealed that the urban flora of Almaty district of Astana city has 125 species belonging to 95 genera and 39 families. The basis of urban flora of this area are species of woody-shrub vegetation from the families: Rosaceae Juss. (20; 15.8 %), Poaceae Barnhart (19; 15.0 %), Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl. (11; 8.7 %), Aceraceae Juss. (syn. Sapindaceae Juss.) (6; 4.7 %). In the landscaping of Almaty district of Astana city these largest families make up 108 species or 85 % of the total flora of the park. Analysis of species richness of genera of the flora of the study area revealed that out of 95 genera the largest are: Acer L. (6; 6.3 %), Fraxinus Tourn. ex L. (4; 4. 2%), Populus L. (4; 4.2 %), Picea A. Dietr. (3; 3.1 %), Malus Mill. (3; 3.1 %), Spiraea L. (3; 3.1 %). The obtained results indicate that the urban flora is characterized by a structured composition with a dominance of a limited number of taxonomic groups. This pattern reflects both intentional landscaping practices and the ecological adaptability of species to urban environmental conditions. The prevalence of woody and shrub vegetation highlights their important ecological role in maintaining environmental stability, improving air quality, and enhancing the overall sustainability of urban ecosystems.