Capillary Hemangioma of the Testis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract Introduction/Objective Testicular capillary hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor and typically occurs in patients younger than 20 years. Study suggests that the mean age of these patients is usually 25.1 ± 22.7 years. We report a case of a 63-year-old man who underwent an uncomplicated radical orchiectomy for scrotal irritation and testicular fullness. Methods/Case Report Clinically he was found to have a large testicular mass. Ultrasound showed cystocele and an intratesticular tumor. Increased LDH was also found. Gross examination showed a single large cystic cavity containing yellow-colored fluid and a well-circumscribed tan-brown nodule measuring 2.5 × 1.8 × 1.0 cm within the testicular parenchyma. There was no extension into the tunica albuginea. Microscopic examination showed groups of capillaries of varying sizes in a lobular arrangement with bland spindle-like endothelial cells lining these capillary structures. The circumscribed vascular lesion was well-demarcated from the testicular parenchyma by a fibrous 0.1-cm pseudocapsule. The benign nature of this lesion was suggested by the lack of any mitotic activity, anaplasia, or dysplasia. Immunohistochemical staining was strongly positive for endothelial markers (CD31 and CD 34), and negative for mesothelial (WT1) and lymphatic markers (D2-40), excluding an adenomatoid tumor. Based on these characteristic morphological and immunohistochemical findings, the diagnosis of testicular capillary hemangioma was made. After 6 months of follow-up, the patient was well without any clinical evidence of recurrence. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion While rarity of testicular capillary hemangioma impedes significant changes in how we approach adult testicular masses, the possibility of a benign tumor should always be in mind to consider. This is especially pertinent when patients fall outside the typical age range for germ-cell tumors, and for patients with a solitary testicular mass.