An Appraisal of the Practice of Ta'addud Al-Zawjāt (Polygyny) among Yoruba Muslims in Ogun State, Nigeria

The practice of Ta'addud al-Zawjāt (polygyny) has garnered growing interest and re-interpretation within contemporary Islamic discourse, particularly among Muslim reformers who critique its compatibility with Western worldviews. This has raised concerns about its perceived relevance and application among Muslims, especially within diverse cultural contexts. The study, therefore, assessed the perceptions and practices of polygyny among Yoruba Muslims in Ogun State, Nigeria, analysing its adherence to Islamic principles and its socio-cultural implications. The paper employed a descriptive research design of survey type with a self-developed questionnaire for data collection. The sample comprised 400 Yoruba Muslim participants selected using a stratified random sampling technique from the four geopolitical zones in Ogun State at 100 respondents per zone. Data were analysed using simple percentage methods to derive participants' perceptions and experiences. The study revealed that the majority of Yoruba Muslims viewed monogamy as the norm and polygyny as an exception in Islam, contingent upon strict conditions. Respondents emphasised the significance of patience, endurance, and tolerance for successful polygynous unions. Also, polygyny was perceived as a viable means of rehabilitating marginalised groups including widows, orphans, and divorcees. It reduced societal neglect and stigmatisation. Furthermore, many respondents agreed that the practice could serve as a preventive measure against sexual promiscuity and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The paper concluded that while the institution of polygyny holds potential benefits, Muslim women tolerate it primarily out of respect for Islamic teachings despite the prevalent abuses by men. Recommendations included enhanced education and enlightenment campaigns targeting Muslims, particularly women, on the proper practice of polygyny; organisation of marriage seminars with a focus on the equitable implementation of polygyny; collaboration among Muslim organisations to promote public awareness and provide counseling for men on the equitable treatment of wives and children as prescribed in Islam; establishment of specialised Sharī'ah courts in Southwest Nigeria to regulate Islamic marriages, address issues arising from polygynous unions, and ensure compliance with Islamic guidelines.