Engineering Artificial Spider Silk From Biomimetic Synthesis to Advanced Applications

ABSTRACT Polymeric materials research is increasingly directed toward biomimicry, exploring designs derived from nature's long evolutionary processes to enhance material properties and sustainability. Scientists have long recognized that spider silk, as a natural polymer, possesses exceptional physicochemical properties, including high tensile strength, superior toughness, good thermal conductivity, ultracontraction, and unique torsional rotation driving capabilities. These remarkable characteristics have inspired ongoing efforts to develop biomimetic spider silk materials, with the aim of replicating the natural structure of spider silk to create polymers with similar or even superior performance. This article aims to explore the synthesis methods of high‐performance biomimetic polymer materials, such as artificial spider silk, and their advanced applications across various fields. The review will discuss recent advances in the synthesis of novel artificial spider silk materials, focusing on polymer molecular design, the construction of secondary cross‐linked networks, micro‐nano assembly structure, and the development of innovative spinning techniques, as well as the potential of artificial spider silk in biomedical and flexible smart wearable applications.