Assessment of Serum Cystatin C and Apolipoprotein Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the presence of kidney dysfunctions less than sixty (ml/min) of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) per 1.73 square meters that has prolonged for at least three months; it is widespread and affects over 10% of individuals worldwide. Objective of Study: The objective of this study was to assess how well the kidney function indicators cystatin C, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B functioned in people with CKD. Materials and Methods: In this study cystatin C, apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels were determined. A total of 150 samples of blood, which were gathered from one hundred patients who had chronic kidney disease aged between 20 and 69 years and fifty healthy subjects as controls aged between 23 and 67 years, at the medical City-Baghdad hospital/Iraq during the period from December 2022 to April 2023. Cystatin C, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B were evaluated by using an enzymatic linked absorption assay (Sandwich Elisa), and the assessments of urea, creatinine, and uric acid were accomplished with apparatus Cobas c111. Results: Patients with chronic kidney disease had highly significantly raised levels of cystatin C, apolipoprotein B levels, serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid in comparison with the control group (P-value = 0.000). In contrast, the apolipoprotein A levels in the patient groups were considerably lower than in the control group (P-value = 0.000). Conclusion: In conclusion, cystatin C and apolipoprotein B levels were elevated with kidney dysfunction, while a reduction of apolipoprotein A levels may be used as an indicator of probable risk for individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).